Mobile Phone Communication and Development of Intimacy

Introduction Intimacy entails development of feelings of closeness and belonging between two individuals involved in an intimate relationship. The closeness, which develops over some time, involves the two people having knowledge and experience of each other thereby giving room for the development of awareness and affective behaviors (Morris 2002, par. 3).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Phone Communication and Development of Intimacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, the intimate interactions are the interpersonal associations, which develop out of repeated interactions between two individuals and fulfillment of the emotional needs of each other. Social psychologists indicate that the late adolescence and premature adulthood stages of life-span development are the most important stages for development of interpersonal associations in an individual. This also involves the period when most individuals are occupied with the urge of experiencing romantic and intimate relationships. Research studies indicate that development of intimate relationships follows the development of self-experience and self-formation. In this case, self-formation entails the way in which an individual presents oneself to others and to him/herself in the society. The social environment plays a major role in shaping the development of oneself in that an individual’s characteristics are attributable to the way that individual presents oneself to the society (Goffman 1973, par. 2). In the theory, Front and Back regions, it is indicated that, in the day-to-day interpersonal interactions, a social meaning is attached to how one individual’s roles or appearances are perceived by others and the society at large. This then implies that for two individuals to develop a connection, they must be engaged in a physical interaction, which will then lead to development of an emotional connectio n and thus intimate relationships. However, with the emergence of technological changes, the perception of intimacy and thus development of intimate relationships has changed to a great extent. Besides the society playing a major role in the development of self-experience and self-formation, the mediated interactions such as mobile phone communications has added to the options an individual explores when undergoing self-differentiation. This essay is aimed at evaluating the impact of using the mobile phone as a medium for development of intimate relationships on the current perceived meaning of intimacy. The essay further compares the perception of intimacy in an ordinary society and in a mediated environment in order to acknowledge the major changes that have occurred in the contemporary society as a result of technological changes. Intimacy in the Contemporary Society The above discussions indicate that development of intimacy follows the development of self-experience and self-fo rmation. In the ancient society, the two processes were mainly dependent on social factors, which determine their formation and appropriation.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the contemporary society, which is characterized by new methods of telecommunication and visual technology, the process of self actualization has changed largely affecting most intimate relationships. In this case, self-formation is more spontaneous and undefined in that a person will always rely on various resources within his/her reach, which are perceived to be important in the process of self-identity (Thompson 1995, p. 207). This individual enjoys the freedom of exploring a variety of media resources such as the television, the internet, films, and movies, which provide figurative materials that guide a person through self actualization. Thompson (1995, p. 208), states that when the process of self- formation is guided by the media, its connection to the society or the social factors that govern the process is slackened but not obliterated. The connection between the social factors or milieu and self-formation can remain loose for as long as the mediated interaction between two individuals is sustained. The situation further offers an individual non-local familiarity of the other person (Miller et al. 2007, par. 14). On the other hand, social psychological studies indicate that development of intimacy is pegged on the development of familiarity and closeness between two individuals in a social setting. Through expressions better known as the front, an individual is able to display the expected impression to others. The front will therefore influence self-formation in the sense that when an individual interacts with others in the society, chances are that this individual will tend to act in such a way to impress others. In addition, a person who realizes self-formation through h is/her physical interaction with others in the society will be better placed in terms of understanding what other individuals and the society at large expects of someone. The Front and Back theory posits that the front can be anticipated through a variety of expressions and signs. Through these expressions, an individual displays certain characteristics such as appearances and manners, which can tell others about his/her status in society. On the other hand, the back or the secondary presentations displayed by an individual are observed in mediated interactions such as through a mobile phone conversation (Thompson 1995, p. 209). In such a situation, it is hard to feel or create an impression of what the other person displays. Research studies indicate that relationships built on the foundation of mediated interactions are characterized by contradicted truths behind expressions and they are bound to face many conflicts and differences. This is because the two individuals involved in such a relationships feel less bound by the social norms or responsibilities defining them.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Phone Communication and Development of Intimacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is worth noting that mediated communication and interaction between two individuals in a relationship brings with it a new form of intimacy, which differs in certain aspects with what has been regarded as intimacy for decades. In the ancient society, intimacy was characterized by reciprocity whereby one positive action is met with an equivalent positive response. Therefore, utterances and actions are exchanged between the two individuals in such a way that conflicts are resolved easily and thus intimacy rules. Meanwhile, a relationship founded on the basis of mobile phone conversations can also experience reciprocity of some kind but fail to display the fundamental characteristics of the intimate rela tionships existing between individuals sharing the same milieu (Fehr Gachter 2000, par. 1). Looking at the characteristics of intimacy in the context of mediated environments, it is thus evident that media has brought with it a new form of non-reciprocal intimacy free of any formal commitments associated with reciprocity. This is a form of intimacy that can exist between a wide range of individuals sharing divergent views, social backgrounds, and localities over a long period of time. Conclusions This essay explores the various ways in which the perception of intimacy in the modern society varies from that held over the decades in the ancient society. This is achieved through critically analyzing the principles of two theories, the front and back theory and the theory of self-formation and experience. From the discussions above, it can be noted that intimacy is a poignant or bodily connection that exists between two individuals sharing the same locale or different locales. In the a ncient society, intimacy was known to develop when two individuals sharing the same locale came together to share actions and utterances in a reciprocal manner. However, with the emergence of modern technology, new forms of intimacy arose in the contemporary society. These forms are characterized by non-reciprocity and wide geographical distances between the two partners. Reference List Fehr, E, Gachter, S 2000, ‘Fairness and retaliation: the economics of reciprocity,’  Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol.14, no. 3, pp. 159-181. Goffman, E 1973, The presentation of self in everyday life, The Overlook Press, New York.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Miller, RS, Perlin, D Brehm, SS 2007, Intimate relationships, 4th edn, McGraw-Hill, Toronto. Morris, D 2002, People watching: the Desmond Morris Guide to body language,  Vintage, New York. Thompson, MB 1995, The media and modernity: a social theory of the media, Polity Press, Cambridge. This essay on Mobile Phone Communication and Development of Intimacy was written and submitted by user Ulises V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Introduction to ISDN essays

Introduction to ISDN essays Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a digital version of switched-circuit analogue telephone service. It was and developed to use the existing telephone wiring system is provided by local phone companies or PTTs ISDN was specifically designed to solve the low bandwidth problems that small offices or dial-in users have with traditional telephone dial-in services. When a data call is made using ISDN, the WAN link is brought up for the duration of the call and is taken down when the call is completed. ISDN is generally viewed as an alternative to leased lines, which can be used for telecommuting and networking small and remote offices into LANs as shown in Figure 1. Telephone companies developed ISDN as part of an effort to standardise subscriber services including the User-Network Interface (UNI). The ISDN standards define the hardware and call set-up schemes for end-to-end digital connectivity. ISDN's ability to bring digital connectivity to local sites has many benefits, including the following: Ø ISDN has been developed by the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardisation Sector (ITU-T) and as such has become a worldwide industry standard, which helps achieve the goal of worldwide connectivity by ensuring that ISDN networks easily communicate with one another. This means multinational corporations can deploy ISDN technology in their facilities located throughout the world. and standards-based Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) will be easier to install and will cost less as manufacturer pass on the savings of economies of scale Ø Because ISDN is a digital communications technology it is not subject to the same noise interference that analogue modem technologies suffer. Lower error rates result in fewer re-transmissions, greater network reliability and hence higher throughput. Ø ISDN can carry a variety of user traffic signals. ISDN provides access to digital video, circuit-...

20 Quotes for People Who Would Rather Be at the Beach

20 Quotes for People Who Would Rather Be at the Beach Its time to head to the beach. The wind blows through your hair. The warm sun bathes your skin. Soft, golden sand caresses your feet. The waves sing to a perfect rhythm and the coconut trees gently sway against the breeze. If you love the sun and the sea, the beach is the right destination for you. So, grab your suntan lotion and your Frisbee and go frolicking to the beach. For those times when you are not at the beach, get into the right state of mind with beachy quotes. Annie Dillard ï » ¿The sea pronounces something, over and over, in a hoarse whisper; I cannot quite make it out. Isak Dinesen The cure for anything is salt water - sweat, tears, or the sea. H. M. Tomlinson Most of us, I suppose, are a little nervous of the sea. No matter what its smiles may be, we doubt its friendship. Ambrose Bierce Ocean: A body of water occupying two-thirds of a world made for man, who has no gills. Anne Morrow Lindbergh The sea does not reward those who are too anxious, too greedy, or too impatient. One should lie empty, open, choiceless as a beach - waiting for a gift from the sea. One cannot collect all the beautiful shells on the beach; one can collect only a few, and they are more beautiful if they are few. Henry Beston The three great elemental sounds in nature are the sound of rain, the sound of wind in a primeval wood, and the sound of outer ocean on a beach. Isaac Newton To myself, I am only a child playing on the beach, while vast oceans of truth lie undiscovered before me. William Manchester The coconut trees, lithe and graceful, crowd the beach like a minuet of slender elderly virgins adopting flippant poses. G. K. Chesterton Where does a wise man kick a pebble? On the beach. Where does a wise man hide a leaf? In the forest. Michelle Held Dont grow up too quickly, lest you forget how much you love the beach. Farmers Almanac A real friend is someone who takes a winter vacation on a sun-drenched beach and does not send a card. T. S. Eliot I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each. Henry David Thoreau My life is like a stroll on the beach... as near to the edge as I can go. William Stafford Even the upper end of the river believes in the ocean. Corey Hart Along the beach, I never collected shells from my fathers shore. Barbara Wilson Thats where we used to put our chairs. Way out there where that wave is rolling. Our beach is under that water. Anne Spencer One cannot collect all the beautiful shells on the beach. Cathy Haynes The more we have growth along our beaches and barrier islands, shelter is always going to be an issue. Charles Williams I dont care how much lip service they give you about it, there is this culture in Atlantic Beach that believes this nonsense is okay.

New Balance Developing an Integrated CSR Strategy Essay

New Balance Developing an Integrated CSR Strategy - Essay Example The assessment was done based on the Corporate Citizenship Management Framework (CCMF). Four dimensions of CCMF Figure 1: Four Dimensions of CCMF (Source: Boston College Center for Corporate Citizenship. â€Å"Corporate Citizenship Management Framework†) Overall Governance Strength Weakness History, Values and Integrity Vision and mission: CSR was the central theme of the company’s mission and vision. Impressive CSR initiatives. Transparency, accountability, domestic manufacturing and employee support. Lack of guidance to the managers Lack of linkage between the CSR goals and core business strategy. Improper communication with the society. The initiatives were not aligned and connected properly and lack evaluation by the management. Product and services Strength Weakness Product New Balance eliminated use of polyvinyl chloride from the footwear. Implementation of Green shoe store. Apparel division faced higher business growth pressures, environmental and social challeng es. Lack of system for assessing the life-cycle impact of products. Lack of education in the design team related to the environmentally preferred product. Unsuccessful in developing partnership. Operations Strengths Weakness Integration of CSR with operation. Initiatives in term of clear business value, increased productivity and reduced cost. Achievement of compliance with European Union REACH regulation. Partnering with British Leather Group. Reduction in volatile organic compound. Waste reduction, implementation of coaching program, green cleaners in US, enhancement in energy efficiency. Apparel, accessories and promotional items poses rick. Gap between CSR management in domestic operations and overseas supplier facilities. Lack of standards on short term contracts for hiring temporary workers. Community Support Strength Weakness Company’s intense belief in philanthropy. Volunteering by the employees Strong community support strategy. Awareness about programs and initiativ es. Strong system to measure returns on investment. Strategies involved with community are not aligned with the business strategy. Poor focus of community support strategy. Area of focus The areas of focus for the organization are as follows: The operational area especially the apparel and accessories section need to be more inclined to CSR. The education of the product developed team is necessary in order to design more environment friendly products. The overall governance should stress more on communication. Development of CSR strategy New Balance is strongly committed towards the corporate responsibility, which is recognized to be the main pillar of the value and mission on which the organization stands. This is also supported by the CEO, owner and other leaders of the organization. Moreover the company has a good deal of knowledge and experience. The company took several initiatives towards the CSR activities. The owners of the company were humble and were hesitant to talk about the social responsibility. This was the major reason that general public had very little information regarding the work of the company in this area. Moreover the executives of the company also need to evaluate the strategy from time to time. For this the company should implement proper communication of their CSR initiatives amongst the external and

Feminism in Family Life Education 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Feminism in Family Life Education 2 - Essay Example A program about feminism is fundamentally based upon the context information and research, theoretical content, and practice. The content is translated to reveal instructions. Ways to implement the instructions are determined. These processes are compulsory to make the teaching effective. The last stage of the process of development of the feminism program is evaluation. This is a very critical stage in that all aspects of the program are reviewed and thoroughly analyzed in it. Important considerations: The program should essentially be research based. It is important for the developers of the program to document all research about its content. However, there may occasionally be cases when it might not be possible for the developers to devise research based programs owing to the lack of sufficient research about a relatively unexplored area. In such cases, the educators of family life should base the program on their personal clinical and teaching experiences. The developers should c learly state the basis of formulation of the program so that the audience may understand its foundation accordingly. Considering the subject under consideration here, i.e. the development of program about feminism, there is sufficient literature to make room for a thorough research.

The Role of Superstition Essay Example for Free

The Role of Superstition Essay Superstition is a recurring theme in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Superstition is defined in Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 10th Edition as â€Å"a belief or practice resulting from ignorance, fear of the unknown, trust in magic or chance. † Mark Twain effectively uses superstition to both foreshadow events and to contrast the personalities of the characters in the book. The â€Å"more sivilized† characters of the book do not believe in superstition, but the less educated characters, such as Huck and Jim, often make decisions based on their belief in superstition. While several of the lesser characters in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn believe in superstitions, it is Huck and Jim, the two main characters of the novel, who reveal that they live according to their superstitions. For example, in Chapter 4, Huck, who is then staying at Widow Douglas’ house, sees a spider crawling up his shoulder. He flicks the spider and it lands in a burning candle, shrivels up and dies. â€Å"I flipped it off and it lit in the candle; and before I could budge, it was all shriveled up. I didn’t need anyone to tell me that was an awful bad sign† (p. 3). According to Huck, killing a spider can bring bad luck. In an effort to reverse the bad omen, Huck turns around three times, each time crossing his breast, and then ties up a little lock of his hair to keep the witches away. Huck isn’t even sure this ritual will work for killing a spider, as it was intended for another bad omen, but he feels compelled to try to do something, so strong are his superstitious beliefs. Huck encounters another superstition Chapter IV of the novel. Huck, who is living with the Widow Douglas, spills the salt and immediately tries to reverse the bad luck by tossing the salt over his left shoulder. Miss Watson, who has recently come to live with her sister, the Widow Douglas, stops him, however, and this causes Huck to worry because he cannot finish his ritual. â€Å"I reached over for some of it as quik as I could to throw over my left shoulder to keep off the bad luck†¦feeling all worried and shaky, and wondering where it was going to fall on me, and what it was going to be† says Huck (p. 13). Miss Watson, along with Widow Douglas, along with many of the more civilized people of the novel do not believe in superstitions the same way as do slaves and less civilized people. Miss Watson will not let Huck toss the salt over his shoulder because she is trying to provide him with a good civilized and educated upbringing. According to Jim, one of the worst things you can do is touch a snakeskin. Huck does just this after faking his death at the cabin and discovering Jim at Jackson Island. The first sign that the snakeskin is actually causing bad luck is when Huck decides to play a trick on Jim. Huck takes the dead rattlesnake that he has killed and put it near where Jim will be sleeping in the cave to scare him. Huck forgets that a snake’s mate curls up beside its dead mate. When Jim got into bed that night the dead snakes mate bites Jim on the heel, causing Jim to be unable to walk for a time. Touching a snakeskin is supposed to be so bad that Jim says that he would rather look at a new moon a thousand times over his left shoulder than touch a snakeskin. â€Å"I awluz ‘spected dat rattlesnake-skin waren’t done wid it’s work† (p.90) says Jim after his and Huck’s raft is torn apart by the steamboat. Jim, who tends to be more superstitious than Huck, introduces Huck to many superstitions he had never heard before. According to Jim, †¦you mustn’t count the things you are going to cook for dinner, because that would bring bad luck. The same if you shook the tablecloth after sundown. And he said if a man owned a beehive and that man died, the bees must be told about it before sunup next morning, or else the bees would all weaken down and quit work and die (p.39). When Huck decides to catch some young birds â€Å"flying a yard or two at a time and lighting†(p. 39), Jim will not let him because he says it will bring death. â€Å"He [Jim] said his father laid mighty sick once, and some of them catched a bird, and his old granny said his father would die, and he did. † (p. 39). It is generally believed that many of the superstitions found in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn originated with the slaves and then spread throughout the South. Through his writing, Mark Twain infers to the reader that mainly the slaves, the uneducated, and the unreligious believed in the superstitions. Huck, being poor and uneducated, believed in them because his Pap, who was found with a cross in his boot to keep the witches away, raised him to believe that way. Likewise, Jim, who was a slave, also believed in superstitions. The theme of superstition in the book by Twain serves two purposes – it makes the reader wonder what will happen next and also accurately portrays the various levels of society of the time.

Racism In Animated Films Essay -- Movies Film Disney

Racism in Animated Films While Disney animated films are the ideal family movies, it is undisclosed to many that such racism is being portrayed. "Rarely do we ask about the origins and intentions of the messages we encounter through mass media; sometimes we forget that [producers] have origins or intentions at all" (Lipsitz 5). The social inequality found in such popular culture can be due to several reasons. According to David Croteau and William Hoynes in Racial Crossroads, media content can be the reflection of producers, audience preference, or society in general (Croteau and Hoynes 352). In their films or other such media, producers often reflect on personal experiences. In other words, they may "draw on their own family lives for story inspiration" (Croteau and Hoynes 352). With the majority of producers being White males, especially when films were first being made and even up to this day, films reflect how they view life. "The creators of popular cultureÂ… see themselves merely creating sig ns and symbols appropriate to their audiences and to themselves" (Lipsitz 13). Disney producers simply reflect their own views on life in some manner or the views of the majority which so happens to be the White race. The white supremacy we find in the media is not reality, nor is the portrayal of various races. For the bulk of Disney's animated films, if minorities are not the villains or those of lower class and perhaps less importance, there are none being represented in the movie at all. It is classic for the hero to be a white male whereas other characters such as evil villains are of a minority race. In the happy ever after movies where the princess in distress is rescued by the handsome strong prince or male figure... ... In so saying, it is very possible for animated films to contribute to the racism lingering still in the world today. The segregation of people is never going to end completely when film producers find it necessary to separate races instead of treating all as equals. When producers depict reality, the idea of White supremacy and race separation, I assume, will diminish greatly. Works Cited Cox, Starr. "Deconstructing the Mouse: Disney and Racism." . 19 November 2005. Croteau, David, and William Hoynes. "Social Inequality and Media Representation." Racial Crossroads. Ed. Yolanda Flores Niemann. Dubuque: Prentice Hall, 2005: 349-379. Lipsitz, George. "Popular Culture: This Ain't No Sideshow." Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press: 3-20. Maio, Kathy. "Women, Race & Culture in Disney's movies." The New Internationalist. . 19 June 1999.